Unit 17
Darab Isi Padu Cecair
Sebotol jus mangga berisi 1 ℓ 350 mℓ. Encik Ravi membeli 4 botol untuk jamuan kelas.
Berapakah jumlah isi padu jus itu?
液体体积乘法 = darab isi padu cecair；一样多的几份 = beberapa kumpulan sama banyak
这一课学液体体积乘一位数。每瓶芒果汁都是 1 ℓ 350 mℓ，Encik Ravi 买了 4 瓶，一共有多少，就是 1 ℓ 350 mℓ × 4。乘的时候升和毫升两栏都要乘，毫升满 1 000 就换成 1 升。
例子：每瓶 1 ℓ，买 3 瓶，一共 3 ℓ。
注意：每一份都要一样多，才可以用乘法。
multiplying liquid volume = darab isi padu cecair; equal groups = beberapa kumpulan sama banyak
In this unit we multiply a liquid volume by a one-digit number. Each bottle of mango juice holds 1 ℓ 350 mℓ and Encik Ravi buys 4 bottles, so the total is 1 ℓ 350 mℓ × 4. Both the litre and the millilitre columns are multiplied, and every 1 000 mℓ becomes 1 ℓ.
Example: 3 bottles of 1 ℓ each make 3 ℓ.
Watch out: multiplication only works when every group holds the same amount.
Satu unit sahaja
250 mℓ × 6 · 3 ℓ × 7
Darab, kemudian semak sama ada cukup 1 000 mℓ
| mℓ | |
|---|---|
| 250 | |
| × | 6 |
| 1 500 |
| ℓ | |
|---|---|
| 3 | |
| × | 7 |
| 21 |
1 500 mℓ = 1 ℓ 500 mℓ
单位乘法 = darab satu unit
6 盒牛奶，每盒 250 mℓ：250 × 6 = 1 500 mℓ。1 500 mℓ 超过 1 000，可以写成 1 ℓ 500 mℓ。7 个容器，每个 3 ℓ：3 × 7 = 21 ℓ。只有升的时候，就是普通乘法表。
例子：200 mℓ × 4 = 800 mℓ；5 ℓ × 6 = 30 ℓ。
注意：250 × 6 先算 50 × 6 = 300，再算 200 × 6 = 1 200，合起来 1 500。
multiplying one unit = darab satu unit
Six boxes of milk with 250 mℓ each: 250 × 6 = 1 500 mℓ. Since 1 500 mℓ is more than 1 000, it can also be written as 1 ℓ 500 mℓ. Seven containers with 3 ℓ each: 3 × 7 = 21 ℓ, which is just the times table.
Example: 200 mℓ × 4 = 800 mℓ; 5 ℓ × 6 = 30 ℓ.
Watch out: for 250 × 6, work out 50 × 6 = 300 and 200 × 6 = 1 200, then put them together to get 1 500.
Bentuk lazim
2 ℓ 120 mℓ × 3
Darab mℓ, kemudian darab ℓ
| ℓ | mℓ | |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | 120 | |
| × | 3 | |
| 6 | 360 |
mℓ: 120 × 3 = 360 · ℓ: 2 × 3 = 6
两栏都要乘 = darab kedua-dua lajur
乘数 3 写在 mℓ 栏下面。先乘 mℓ：120 × 3 = 360，不满 1 000，直接写。再乘 ℓ：2 × 3 = 6。答案 6 ℓ 360 mℓ。
例子：1 ℓ 300 mℓ × 2 = 2 ℓ 600 mℓ。
注意：乘数要乘到每一栏，只乘 mℓ 或只乘 ℓ 都会错。
both columns are multiplied = darab kedua-dua lajur
The multiplier 3 is written under the millilitre column. Multiply the millilitres first: 120 × 3 = 360, which is under 1 000, so write it down. Then multiply the litres: 2 × 3 = 6. The answer is 6 ℓ 360 mℓ.
Example: 1 ℓ 300 mℓ × 2 = 2 ℓ 600 mℓ.
Watch out: the multiplier works on every column; multiplying only the millilitres or only the litres gives a wrong answer.
Cuba
1 ℓ 205 mℓ × 4 = ?
| ℓ | mℓ | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 205 | |
| × | 4 | |
| ? | ? |
两栏都乘 4 = darab 4 pada dua lajur
mℓ：205 × 4 = 820，不满 1 000。ℓ：1 × 4 = 4。答案 4 ℓ 820 mℓ。
例子：2 ℓ 105 mℓ × 3 = 6 ℓ 315 mℓ。
注意：4 ℓ 205 mℓ 只乘了升，1 ℓ 820 mℓ 只乘了毫升。
multiplying both columns by 4 = darab 4 pada dua lajur
Millilitres: 205 × 4 = 820, under 1 000. Litres: 1 × 4 = 4. The answer is 4 ℓ 820 mℓ.
Example: 2 ℓ 105 mℓ × 3 = 6 ℓ 315 mℓ.
Watch out: 4 ℓ 205 mℓ multiplies only the litres, and 1 ℓ 820 mℓ multiplies only the millilitres.
Kumpul semula
1 ℓ 350 mℓ × 4
1 000 mℓ menjadi 1 ℓ
350 × 4 = 1 400 mℓ = 1 ℓ 400 mℓ → tulis 400, bawa 1 · 1 × 4 + 1 = 5
先乘再加进位 = darab dahulu, kemudian tambah yang dibawa
先乘 mℓ：350 × 4 = 1 400 mℓ，里面有一个 1 000 mℓ，就是 1 ℓ，把它进到 ℓ 栏，mℓ 栏写 400。再乘 ℓ：1 × 4 = 4，加上进上来的 1，等于 5。答案 5 ℓ 400 mℓ。
例子：2 ℓ 600 mℓ × 2 → 600 × 2 = 1 200 → 写 200 进 1 → 2 × 2 + 1 = 5 → 5 ℓ 200 mℓ。
注意：进位的 1 要在乘完 ℓ 之后才加，不是先加再乘。
multiply first, then add the carry = darab dahulu, kemudian tambah yang dibawa
Multiply the millilitres first: 350 × 4 = 1 400 mℓ. That contains one 1 000 mℓ, which is 1 ℓ, so carry it to the litre column and write 400 under the millilitres. Then multiply the litres: 1 × 4 = 4, and adding the carried 1 gives 5. The answer is 5 ℓ 400 mℓ.
Example: 2 ℓ 600 mℓ × 2 → 600 × 2 = 1 200 → write 200, carry 1 → 2 × 2 + 1 = 5 → 5 ℓ 200 mℓ.
Watch out: add the carried 1 after multiplying the litres, not before.
Cuba
2 ℓ 450 mℓ × 3 = ?
| ℓ | mℓ | |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | 450 | |
| × | 3 | |
| ? | ? |
乘完要整理 = kemas kini selepas darab
mℓ：450 × 3 = 1 350，写 350，进 1 ℓ。ℓ：2 × 3 = 6，6 + 1 = 7。答案 7 ℓ 350 mℓ。
例子：1 ℓ 500 mℓ × 3 → 1 500 → 4 ℓ 500 mℓ。
注意：6 ℓ 1 350 mℓ 还没整理；6 ℓ 350 mℓ 把进位的 1 ℓ 丢了。
tidying up after multiplying = kemas kini selepas darab
Millilitres: 450 × 3 = 1 350, so write 350 and carry 1 ℓ. Litres: 2 × 3 = 6, and 6 + 1 = 7. The answer is 7 ℓ 350 mℓ.
Example: 1 ℓ 500 mℓ × 3 → 1 500 → 4 ℓ 500 mℓ.
Watch out: 6 ℓ 1 350 mℓ is not tidied up yet, and 6 ℓ 350 mℓ has lost the carried litre.
Bawa lebih daripada 1
2 ℓ 640 mℓ × 5
3 200 mℓ = 3 ℓ 200 mℓ
| ℓ | mℓ | |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | ||
| 2 | 640 | |
| × | 5 | |
| 13 | 200 |
640 × 5 = 3 200 mℓ = 3 ℓ 200 mℓ → bawa 3 · 2 × 5 + 3 = 13
进 3 = bawa 3
乘法的毫升积可能有好几个 1 000。640 × 5 = 3 200 mℓ，里面有 3 个 1 000，就是 3 ℓ，所以 mℓ 栏写 200，进 3 到 ℓ 栏。ℓ：2 × 5 = 10，10 + 3 = 13。答案 13 ℓ 200 mℓ。
例子：1 ℓ 800 mℓ × 4 → 800 × 4 = 3 200 → 写 200 进 3 → 4 + 3 = 7 → 7 ℓ 200 mℓ。
注意：进几要看千位是几，3 200 进 3，不是只进 1。
carrying 3 = bawa 3
A millilitre product can hold several thousands. 640 × 5 = 3 200 mℓ, which has three 1 000s, or 3 ℓ, so write 200 in the millilitre column and carry 3 to the litres. Litres: 2 × 5 = 10, and 10 + 3 = 13. The answer is 13 ℓ 200 mℓ.
Example: 1 ℓ 800 mℓ × 4 → 800 × 4 = 3 200 → write 200, carry 3 → 4 + 3 = 7 → 7 ℓ 200 mℓ.
Watch out: the carry is the thousands digit, so 3 200 carries 3, not just 1.
Cuba
Puan Lim membeli 7 botol syampu. Setiap botol berisi 450 mℓ. Berapakah jumlah isi padu syampu?
| mℓ | |
|---|---|
| 450 | |
| × | 7 |
| ? |
几瓶一样的 = beberapa botol sama
7 瓶，每瓶 450 mℓ，用乘法：450 × 7 = 3 150 mℓ。3 150 = 3 000 + 150，就是 3 ℓ 150 mℓ。
例子：5 瓶 300 mℓ 的乳液 → 1 500 mℓ = 1 ℓ 500 mℓ。
注意：31 ℓ 50 mℓ 是在百位后面拆开，要在千位后面拆。
several identical bottles = beberapa botol sama
7 bottles of 450 mℓ each means multiply: 450 × 7 = 3 150 mℓ. Since 3 150 = 3 000 + 150, the total is 3 ℓ 150 mℓ.
Example: 5 bottles of lotion with 300 mℓ each → 1 500 mℓ = 1 ℓ 500 mℓ.
Watch out: 31 ℓ 50 mℓ splits after the hundreds; the split belongs right after the thousands.
Jawapan dalam mℓ
1 ℓ 200 mℓ × 3 = ? mℓ
Tukar kepada mℓ, kemudian darab
Tukar dahulu
1 200 mℓ × 3
= 3 600 mℓ
= 3 600 mℓ
Darab dahulu
3 ℓ 600 mℓ
= 3 600 mℓ
= 3 600 mℓ
答案写成毫升 = tulis jawapan dalam mℓ
题目要毫升，可以先换后乘：1 ℓ 200 mℓ = 1 200 mℓ，1 200 × 3 = 3 600 mℓ。也可以先乘后换：竖式得 3 ℓ 600 mℓ，再化成 3 000 + 600 = 3 600 mℓ。两条路答案一样。
例子：2 ℓ 50 mℓ × 2 → 2 050 × 2 = 4 100 mℓ。
注意：先换的时候别漏了 0，2 ℓ 50 mℓ 是 2 050，不是 250。
writing the answer in millilitres = tulis jawapan dalam mℓ
When millilitres are wanted, you can change first and then multiply: 1 ℓ 200 mℓ = 1 200 mℓ and 1 200 × 3 = 3 600 mℓ. Or multiply first and change afterwards: the column form gives 3 ℓ 600 mℓ, which is 3 000 + 600 = 3 600 mℓ. Both routes reach the same answer.
Example: 2 ℓ 50 mℓ × 2 → 2 050 × 2 = 4 100 mℓ.
Watch out: keep the zero when changing first; 2 ℓ 50 mℓ is 2 050, not 250.
Padankan
Hasil darab
配对积 = padankan hasil darab
500 × 2 = 1 000 mℓ，刚好 1 ℓ。1 ℓ 100 mℓ × 3：100 × 3 = 300，1 × 3 = 3 → 3 ℓ 300 mℓ。300 × 4 = 1 200 mℓ = 1 ℓ 200 mℓ。2 ℓ × 6 = 12 ℓ。
例子：250 mℓ × 4 = 1 000 mℓ = 1 ℓ。
注意：1 ℓ 200 mℓ 和 1 200 mℓ 是一样多，只是写法不同。
matching products = padankan hasil darab
500 × 2 = 1 000 mℓ, exactly 1 ℓ. 1 ℓ 100 mℓ × 3: 100 × 3 = 300 and 1 × 3 = 3 → 3 ℓ 300 mℓ. 300 × 4 = 1 200 mℓ = 1 ℓ 200 mℓ. 2 ℓ × 6 = 12 ℓ.
Example: 250 mℓ × 4 = 1 000 mℓ = 1 ℓ.
Watch out: 1 ℓ 200 mℓ and 1 200 mℓ are the same amount written in two ways.
Ringkasan
Syabas!
darab mℓ → cukup 1 000, bawa ke ℓ → darab ℓ + bawa
Darab mℓ dahulu. Setiap 1 000 mℓ menjadi 1 ℓ dan dibawa ke lajur ℓ. Darab ℓ, kemudian tambah yang dibawa.
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