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填减法关键词 = kata kunci tolak 两组做手工的时间拿来比较，用的是 −，相减的结果叫 beza（相差）。红组 1 jam 50 minit，蓝组 55 minit，相差 55 minit。填 Jumlah（一共）的话应该是加法，一共是 2 jam 45 minit；Setiap（每一个）是乘除故事才用的词。 例子：跑步 30 minit，走路 50 minit，beza masa 20 minit。 注意：1 jam 50 minit 先化成 110 minit 再减，比较容易算。

the minus key word = kata kunci tolak The two groups' craft times are compared with −, and the result of a subtraction is called the beza (difference). Red takes 1 jam 50 minit, Blue takes 55 minit, so the difference is 55 minit. Jumlah (total) would need adding, and the total would be 2 jam 45 minit; Setiap (each) belongs in times and divide stories. Example: running for 30 minutes and walking for 50 minutes gives a beza masa of 20 minutes. Watch out: turning 1 jam 50 minit into 110 minit first makes the subtraction easier.

乘法故事 = cerita darab × 3 表示同样的时间重复 3 次：Pak Hamid 编一个篮子 1 jam 25 minit，编 3 个，一共 4 jam 15 minit，对。第二个故事只多加 3 minit，那是加法。第三个故事把总时间和每个的时间弄反了，3 个篮子用 1 jam 25 minit，每个不可能要 4 jam 15 minit。 例子：烫一件衣服 10 minit，烫 6 件共 1 jam。 注意：乘法的答案一定比每次的时间长。

times story = cerita darab × 3 means the same time repeated 3 times: Pak Hamid weaves one basket in 1 jam 25 minit, weaves 3, and takes 4 jam 15 minit altogether; that fits. The second story adds just 3 more minutes, which is a plus story. The third swaps the total and the time for each; if 3 baskets take 1 jam 25 minit, one basket cannot need 4 jam 15 minit. Example: ironing one shirt takes 10 minutes, so ironing 6 shirts takes 1 hour. Watch out: in a times story the answer is always longer than the time for one.

除法故事 = cerita bahagi ÷ 5 表示一段时间平均分给 5 件事：妈妈用 6 jam 40 minit 做 5 盒糕，每盒时间一样长，每盒 1 jam 20 minit，对。第二个故事“休息 5 minit”不是平均分，而且一共不会变少。第三个故事每盒 6 jam 40 minit，5 盒加起来会更长，不会只剩 1 jam 20 minit。 例子：3 jam 做 6 张卡片，每张一样久，每张 30 minit。 注意：÷ 5 的 5 是“5 盒”，故事里不能写成 5 minit。

divide story = cerita bahagi ÷ 5 means one length of time is split equally among 5 jobs: Mother makes 5 boxes of kuih in 6 jam 40 minit, each box taking the same time, so each takes 1 jam 20 minit; that fits. The second story rests for 5 minutes, which is not equal sharing, and a total never shrinks like that. In the third, 5 boxes at 6 jam 40 minit each would take far longer, not 1 jam 20 minit. Example: making 6 cards in 3 hours at the same pace gives 30 minutes per card. Watch out: the 5 in ÷ 5 counts boxes, so the story must not turn it into 5 minit.