Unit 1
Tabiat Pemakanan Haiwan
Cikgu Lina membawa murid Tahun 3 melawat zoo mini. Penjaga zoo sedang memberi makan haiwan: ada yang makan sayur, ada yang makan daging, ada yang makan kedua-duanya.
Mari kelaskan haiwan mengikut tabiat pemakanan!
饮食习性 = tabiat pemakanan；动物 = haiwan；分类 = kelaskan
Lina 老师带三年级学生去迷你动物园。管理员正在喂动物：有的吃菜，有的吃肉，有的两样都吃。这一课学会看动物吃什么，再把它们分成三组。
例子：管理员给兔子红萝卜，给老虎生肉，给猴子香蕉和小虫。
注意：分类的根据是“吃什么”，不是动物的大小或住在哪里。
eating habits = tabiat pemakanan; animal = haiwan; classify = kelaskan
Cikgu Lina takes the Year 3 pupils to a mini zoo. The keeper is feeding the animals: some eat vegetables, some eat meat and some eat both. In this lesson we look at what each animal eats and sort the animals into three groups.
Example: the keeper gives the rabbit carrots, the tiger raw meat and the monkey bananas and insects.
Watch out: we classify by what an animal eats, not by its size or where it lives.
Makanan haiwan
Apakah yang dimakan oleh haiwan?
Dua jenis sumber makanan
Tumbuh-tumbuhan
rumput · daun · buah · sayur · bijirin
Haiwan lain
tikus · ikan · serangga · cacing · daging
Gajah makan daun dan rumput. Burung helang makan tikus dan ular.
植物 = tumbuh-tumbuhan；其他动物 = haiwan lain；谷物 = bijirin
动物吃的东西可以分成两大来源：一是植物，例如草、叶子、水果、蔬菜和谷物；二是其他动物，例如老鼠、鱼、昆虫、虫和肉。看一只动物吃哪一种来源，就能帮它分类。
例子：大象吃叶子和草，来源是植物；老鹰吃老鼠和蛇，来源是其他动物。
注意：谷物（例如稻米、玉米粒）也是植物的一部分。
plants = tumbuh-tumbuhan; other animals = haiwan lain; grain = bijirin
Animal food comes from two main sources: plants, such as grass, leaves, fruit, vegetables and grain, and other animals, such as rats, fish, insects, worms and meat. Knowing which source an animal eats from helps us classify it.
Example: an elephant eats leaves and grass, from plants, while an eagle eats rats and snakes, from other animals.
Watch out: grain, such as rice or corn kernels, is part of a plant too.
Cuba
Apakah makanan burung helang?
老鹰吃什么 = makanan burung helang
老鹰在高空盘旋，看到地上的老鼠、小蛇就俯冲下去抓来吃，它吃的是其他动物。草和叶子是牛、羊吃的；谷物和水果是很多鸟和猴子吃的，但不是老鹰的食物。
例子：猫头鹰晚上也会抓老鼠吃。
注意：不是所有鸟都吃一样的东西，要看每一种鸟。
what an eagle eats = makanan burung helang
An eagle circles high in the sky, spots rats and small snakes on the ground and swoops down to catch them, so it eats other animals. Grass and leaves are food for cows and goats, and grain and fruit feed many other birds and monkeys, but not eagles.
Example: owls also catch rats at night.
Watch out: not all birds eat the same thing; check each kind of bird.
Tabiat pemakanan
Herbivor, karnivor, omnivor
Tiga kumpulan haiwan
草食动物 = herbivor；肉食动物 = karnivor；杂食动物 = omnivor
动物按吃的东西分成三组。动画第一行：只吃植物的是草食动物，例如兔子、牛；第二行：只吃其他动物的是肉食动物，例如老虎、老鹰；第三行：植物和动物都吃的是杂食动物，例如鸡、猴子。
例子：猫咪吃鱼和肉，是肉食动物。
注意：杂食动物一定是两样都吃，只吃一样就不是杂食。
herbivore = herbivor; carnivore = karnivor; omnivore = omnivor
Animals fall into three groups by what they eat. In the first row of the animation, animals that eat only plants are herbivores, such as rabbits and cows. In the second row, animals that eat only other animals are carnivores, such as tigers and eagles. In the third row, animals that eat both plants and animals are omnivores, such as chickens and monkeys.
Example: a cat eats fish and meat, so it is a carnivore.
Watch out: an omnivore must eat both kinds; eating only one kind does not count.
Padankan
Istilah dan maksudnya
名称与意思 = istilah dan maksud
herbivor 只吃植物；karnivor 只吃其他动物；omnivor 植物和其他动物都吃。可以这样记：herb 跟草药、植物有关；karni 跟肉有关；omni 是“全部都吃”。
例子：羊只吃草和叶子，配“只吃植物”。
注意：“sahaja”就是“只”的意思，读题时要看清楚。
terms and meanings = istilah dan maksud
A herbivore eats plants only, a carnivore eats other animals only, and an omnivore eats both plants and other animals. A memory trick: herb is linked to plants, carni to meat, and omni means all.
Example: a goat eats only grass and leaves, so it matches eats plants only.
Watch out: sahaja means only, so read each phrase carefully.
Contoh haiwan
Contoh setiap kumpulan
Lihat makanan, kemudian kelaskan
Haiwan
herbivor
arnab
lembu
kambing
gajah
karnivor
harimau
helang
ular
buaya
omnivor
ayam
monyet
beruang
tikus
例子 = contoh；树状图 = peta pokok
这棵树状图把动物分成三组。草食：兔子、牛、山羊、大象。肉食：老虎、老鹰、蛇、鳄鱼。杂食：鸡、猴子、熊、老鼠。分类时，先问“它吃植物吗？吃其他动物吗？”，再决定放哪一组。
例子：鸡吃谷物，也吃蚯蚓，所以放在杂食组。
注意：同样是鸟，老鹰是肉食，鸡却是杂食。
examples = contoh; tree map = peta pokok
This tree map sorts animals into three groups. Herbivores: rabbit, cow, goat, elephant. Carnivores: tiger, eagle, snake, crocodile. Omnivores: chicken, monkey, bear, rat. To classify, ask: does it eat plants, and does it eat other animals? Then choose the group.
Example: a chicken eats grain and also earthworms, so it goes in the omnivore group.
Watch out: both are birds, yet the eagle is a carnivore while the chicken is an omnivore.
Kelaskan haiwan
Baca makanan haiwan. Tekan herbivor, karnivor atau omnivor. Peta pokok akan terisi.
动物分类实验 = makmal kelaskan haiwan
画面上方会出现一只动物和它吃的东西。看清楚食物，再按 herbivor、karnivor 或 omnivor。答对了，动物的名字会放进下面的树状图；答错了会提示你想一想食物来源。至少完成六只动物。
例子：熊吃鱼、浆果和蜂蜜，有植物也有动物，要按 omnivor。
注意：只要食物里同时有植物和动物，就是杂食。
animal sorting lab = makmal kelaskan haiwan
An animal and its food appear at the top. Read the food carefully, then press herbivor, karnivor or omnivor. When you are right, the animal's name goes into the tree map below; when you are wrong, a hint asks you to think about the food source. Sort at least six animals.
Example: a bear eats fish, berries and honey, both plant and animal food, so press omnivor.
Watch out: if the food list has both plants and animals, the animal is an omnivore.
Semak makmal
Ayam makan bijirin dan cacing. Ayam ialah …
鸡是什么类 = ayam ialah
鸡吃谷物（来自植物），也吃蚯蚓（是动物），两种都吃，所以鸡是杂食动物。只看到谷物会以为是草食；只看到蚯蚓会以为是肉食。
例子：鸭子吃稻谷，也吃小鱼和螺，也是杂食。
注意：要把所有食物都看完再分类。
what kind of eater a chicken is = ayam ialah
A chicken eats grain, which comes from plants, and earthworms, which are animals. It eats both, so the chicken is an omnivore. Looking only at the grain suggests herbivore, and looking only at the worms suggests carnivore.
Example: ducks eat rice grains as well as small fish and snails, so they are omnivores too.
Watch out: read the whole food list before you classify.
Cuba
Haiwan manakah ialah herbivor?
找草食动物 = cari herbivor
鹿只吃草、叶子和嫩枝，是草食动物。鳄鱼吃鱼和其他动物，是肉食动物；熊吃鱼也吃浆果，是杂食动物。
例子：长颈鹿、马、水牛也都是草食动物。
注意：动物长得大不代表吃肉，大象和长颈鹿都很大，却只吃植物。
finding a herbivore = cari herbivor
A deer eats only grass, leaves and young shoots, so it is a herbivore. A crocodile eats fish and other animals, so it is a carnivore, and a bear eats fish as well as berries, so it is an omnivore.
Example: giraffes, horses and buffaloes are herbivores too.
Watch out: being big does not mean eating meat; elephants and giraffes are huge but eat only plants.
Cuba
Katak menangkap serangga dengan lidahnya. Katak ialah …
青蛙是什么类 = katak ialah
青蛙用长舌头抓昆虫来吃，昆虫是动物，青蛙长大后不吃植物，所以是肉食动物。
例子：壁虎抓蚊子、飞蛾来吃，也是肉食动物。
注意：昆虫很小，但它仍然是动物，吃昆虫就算吃其他动物。
what kind of eater a frog is = katak ialah
A frog catches insects with its long tongue. Insects are animals, and an adult frog does not eat plants, so it is a carnivore.
Example: a house lizard catches mosquitoes and moths, so it is a carnivore too.
Watch out: insects are tiny, but they are still animals, so eating insects counts as eating other animals.
Aktiviti
Peta pokok dengan model haiwan
Bina, kelaskan, susun
Tabiat pemakanan
herbivor
🌿 ?
karnivor
🍖 ?
omnivor
🌿 + 🍖 ?
Setiap model mesti ada sebab: apakah makanannya?
黏土模型 = model tanah liat；树状图 = peta pokok；讨论 = bincang
可以用黏土捏出动物模型，再把模型放到树状图里正确的一组下面：草食、肉食或杂食。放好以后，跟同伴说一说为什么放在那里，理由一定要讲它吃什么。
例子：“我把山羊放在 herbivor，因为它只吃草和叶子。”
注意：理由不能只说“因为它很可爱”或“因为它很凶”，要说食物。
clay model = model tanah liat; tree map = peta pokok; discuss = bincang
We can shape animal models from clay and then place each one under the right group in a tree map: herbivore, carnivore or omnivore. After placing them, tell a friend why each animal belongs there, and the reason must be about what it eats.
Example: I put the goat under herbivor because it eats only grass and leaves.
Watch out: a reason such as it is cute or it is fierce is not enough; talk about its food.
Peta pokok
Model haiwan manakah patut diletakkan di bawah omnivor?
放在杂食组 = letak di bawah omnivor
猴子吃香蕉、水果，也会抓昆虫、鸟蛋来吃，植物和动物都吃，所以放在杂食组。山羊只吃植物，放草食；老虎只吃肉，放肉食。
例子：老鼠什么都偷吃，米、面包、小虫都吃，也放在杂食组。
注意：猴子常被以为只吃香蕉，其实它也吃小动物。
placing under omnivore = letak di bawah omnivor
A monkey eats bananas and other fruit, and also catches insects and takes bird eggs, so it eats both plants and animals and goes under omnivore. A goat eats only plants, so it is a herbivore, and a tiger eats only meat, so it is a carnivore.
Example: a rat steals rice, bread and small insects, so it goes under omnivore too.
Watch out: monkeys are often thought to eat only bananas, but they eat small animals as well.
KBAT
Musim kemarau panjang menyebabkan rumput di sebuah padang mati. Kumpulan haiwan manakah paling terjejas?
推理：谁最受影响 = siapa paling terjejas
草都枯死了，只吃植物的草食动物马上没有东西吃，最受影响。杂食动物还可以吃其他动物；肉食动物暂时还有猎物可吃。不过如果草食动物饿死变少，肉食动物以后也会受影响。
例子：干旱时，牛羊要被赶到别处找草吃。
注意：题目问“最”受影响，要找“只靠植物”的那一组。
reasoning: who is hit hardest = siapa paling terjejas
When the grass dies, herbivores, which eat only plants, have nothing left to eat at once, so they are hit hardest. Omnivores can switch to other animals, and carnivores still have prey for now. Later, though, if herbivores die out, carnivores will suffer too.
Example: in a drought, cattle and goats must be moved elsewhere to find grass.
Watch out: the question asks who is hit the most, so look for the group that depends only on plants.
Ringkasan
Syabas!
herbivor · karnivor · omnivor
Herbivor makan tumbuh-tumbuhan sahaja. Karnivor makan haiwan lain sahaja. Omnivor makan tumbuh-tumbuhan dan haiwan lain.
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