Unit 11
Rajin Tangga Kejayaan
Aiman tiba di sekolah awal. Dia menyiapkan latihan dengan teliti dan berlatih lari setiap petang.
Pada Hari Sukan, dia menang. Gurunya berkata, “Usaha kamu berbaloi!”
Nilai: Kerajinan
勤勉 = Kerajinan；成功 = kejayaan
这一课学的价值是勤勉。课题 Rajin Tangga Kejayaan 的意思是：勤劳就像一级一级的楼梯，每天多走一步，最后就能走到成功。Aiman 每天提早到校、认真做练习、傍晚坚持练跑，所以在运动会上得奖。
例子：每天练习写字十分钟，一个月后字就变整齐了。
注意：勤勉不是只努力一天，而是天天坚持的好习惯。
diligence = Kerajinan; success = kejayaan
The value in this unit is diligence. The title Rajin Tangga Kejayaan means hard work is like a staircase: every day you climb one more step, and in the end you reach success. Aiman comes to school early, does his exercises carefully and trains every evening, so he wins on Sports Day.
Example: practising handwriting for ten minutes a day makes it neat after a month.
Watch out: diligence is not one day of effort but a habit you keep every day.
Konsep
Apakah itu rajin?
Rajin bermaksud membuat kerja dengan bersungguh-sungguh dan berterusan
Bersungguh
Buat kerja dengan teliti, bukan sambil lewa.
Tepat pada masa
Siapkan tugas sebelum masa tamat.
Tidak bertangguh
Buat sekarang, jangan tunggu esok.
Usaha berterusan
Cuba setiap hari walaupun susah.
用心做 = Bersungguh；按时 = Tepat pada masa；不拖 = Tidak bertangguh
这一屏说明“勤勉”包含四个样子：做事用心、不马虎；在规定时间内完成；今天的事今天做，不拖到明天；遇到难的工作也继续努力，不轻易放弃。四样都做到，才是真正的勤勉。
例子：老师给的作文，Mei Ling 当天就写草稿，第二天再修改。
注意：做得快不等于勤勉，草草写完、错字一大堆就不是用心做。
work with care = Bersungguh; on time = Tepat pada masa; no delay = Tidak bertangguh
This screen shows four signs of diligence: doing work carefully rather than carelessly, finishing within the given time, doing today's work today instead of putting it off, and continuing to try even when the task is hard. A truly diligent pupil shows all four.
Example: Mei Ling writes her essay draft on the day it is set and improves it the next day.
Watch out: being fast is not the same as being diligent; rushing and leaving many mistakes is not careful work.
Konsep
Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan sikap rajin?
认出勤勉 = mengenal pasti sikap rajin
题目要你找出哪一个做法是勤勉。回家马上做功课、做完再检查一遍，表示不拖延又用心，这就是勤勉。等到明天早上才在食堂赶功课是拖延；抄同学的答案虽然快，但不是自己努力，也不诚实。
例子：做完数学题后再算一次，看看答案对不对。
注意：功课“完成了”还不够，自己做、按时做、认真做才算勤勉。
identify diligence = mengenal pasti sikap rajin
The question asks which action shows diligence. Doing homework straight after reaching home and checking it again shows no delay and real care, so that is diligent. Waiting until the next morning to rush it in the canteen is putting work off, and copying a friend's answers may be quick but is neither your own effort nor honest.
Example: after finishing maths sums, work them out once more to check the answers.
Watch out: finished homework is not enough; doing it yourself, on time and carefully is what counts.
Pengukuhan
Cara bersikap rajin di sekolah
Rajin bukan hanya semasa belajar
Bilik darjah
Dengar guru, siapkan latihan, ulang kaji.
Jadual bertugas
Sapu lantai, susun kerusi, buang sampah.
Pusat sumber
Kavitha menyusun buku dan membaiki buku koyak.
Latihan sukan
Datang awal dan berlatih bersungguh.
复习 = Mengulang kaji；值日 = bertugas；图书馆 = pusat sumber
勤勉不只是读书。在课室里专心听老师讲解、完成练习、回家复习；轮到值日时扫地、排桌椅、倒垃圾；当图书馆管理员的 Kavitha 把书按号码排好，还用胶带修补破掉的书；参加运动练习时准时到、认真练。每一个岗位都可以表现勤勉。
例子：值日生 Jason 放学前把黑板擦干净，第二天老师一进门就能用。
注意：没有人看着的时候也照样认真做，才是真的勤勉。
revise = Mengulang kaji; on duty = bertugas; resource centre = pusat sumber
Diligence is not only about studying. In class you listen to the teacher, finish exercises and revise at home; on your duty day you sweep, arrange chairs and empty the bin; Kavitha, a resource-centre prefect, shelves books in order and tapes torn pages; at sports practice you arrive on time and train hard. Every role at school is a chance to be diligent.
Example: Jason, on duty, wipes the board before going home so it is ready for the teacher next morning.
Watch out: real diligence means working just as carefully when nobody is watching.
Pengukuhan
Kavitha ternampak sebuah buku koyak di rak pusat sumber. Apakah tindakan yang rajin?
修补 = membaiki；胶带 = pita pelekat；管理员 = pengawas
这一题是图书馆管理员的情境。勤勉的管理员看到破书，会主动用胶带补好，再放回书架，让下一个同学还能借来读。说“不是我弄破的”就不管，是推卸工作；把书藏起来更糟，问题没有解决，书还会越来越破。
例子：发现书架上的书排乱了，就顺手按号码排回去。
注意：负责的工作就要做到底，不能只做轻松的部分。
repair = membaiki; sticky tape = pita pelekat; prefect = pengawas
This is a resource-centre prefect situation. A diligent prefect who finds a torn book tapes it up and puts it back on the shelf so the next pupil can still borrow it. Saying it was not her fault and walking away is avoiding the job, and hiding the book is worse, because the problem stays and the book gets more damaged.
Example: when books on a shelf are out of order, put them back in number order right away.
Watch out: a job you are given must be done fully, not just the easy parts.
Pengukuhan
Mengapa perlu rajin?
Kepentingan dan perasaan apabila rajin
Kepentingan
Faham pelajaran, kelas bersih, sekolah cemerlang, disayangi guru.
Perasaan
Bangga, gembira, puas hati dengan usaha sendiri.
Lambang rajin
Semut dan lebah: bekerja setiap hari tanpa jemu.
重要性 = kepentingan；骄傲 = bangga；蚂蚁 = semut；蜜蜂 = lebah
勤勉的好处有很多：听得懂功课、成绩进步；课室干净；老师和同学都喜欢可靠的人；全校的人都勤勉，学校就会优秀。靠自己努力成功时，心里会觉得骄傲又满足。蚂蚁和蜜蜂天天不停地工作，所以被当作勤勉的象征。
例子：Siti 每天背五个生词，考试时都会写，她觉得很开心。
注意：勤勉的目的不只是拿奖品，而是让自己一天比一天进步。
importance = kepentingan; proud = bangga; ant = semut; bee = lebah
Diligence brings many benefits: you understand lessons and improve, the classroom stays clean, teachers and friends like someone they can rely on, and a school full of hard workers becomes excellent. Succeeding through your own effort makes you feel proud and satisfied. Ants and bees work every day without tiring, so they are symbols of diligence.
Example: Siti learns five new words a day and can write them all in the test, which makes her happy.
Watch out: the aim of diligence is not just winning prizes but getting better day by day.
Perasaan
Daniel berlatih membaca setiap malam. Kini dia boleh membaca dengan lancar di hadapan kelas. Apakah perasaan Daniel?
感受 = perasaan；流利 = lancar
Daniel 每晚练习朗读，现在能在全班面前读得很流利。靠自己的努力做到以前做不到的事，心情一定是骄傲和开心的。练习虽然辛苦，但他不会因此生气；读得好也没有什么好害羞的。
例子：练了一个月跳绳，终于连续跳到一百下，自己会高兴得笑出来。
注意：说感受时，要连原因一起说：“我觉得骄傲，因为我的努力有成果。”
feeling = perasaan; fluently = lancar
Daniel practised reading aloud every night and can now read fluently in front of the class. Reaching something you could not do before through your own effort makes you feel proud and happy. The practice was tiring, but that is no reason for anger, and reading well is nothing to be shy about.
Example: after a month of skipping practice you finally reach one hundred jumps in a row and cannot stop smiling.
Watch out: when you name a feeling, give the reason too, for instance I feel proud because my effort paid off.
Pemulihan
Padankan perbuatan dengan hasilnya
因果 = sebab dan akibat；配对 = padankan
左边是做法，右边是结果。每天复习，功课就懂；每天傍晚练投球（bola jaring），球队就越来越强；照值日表扫地，课室就干净。最后一个是不勤勉的例子：拖着不做功课，功课越积越多，最后只能匆匆忙忙乱做。比较好坏两种结果，就明白勤勉的重要。
例子：每天整理书包，第二天就不会忘记带文具。
注意：配对时先读左边的做法，再问自己“接下来会发生什么”。
cause and effect = sebab dan akibat; match = padankan
The left side shows actions and the right side shows results. Revising daily means you understand the lessons; netball practice every evening makes the team more skilful; sweeping by the duty roster keeps the classroom clean. The last one is a non-diligent example: delaying homework lets it pile up until you can only rush it. Comparing good and bad results shows why diligence matters.
Example: packing your school bag every night means you seldom forget things.
Watch out: read the action first, then ask yourself what happens next.
Pemulihan
Susun perkataan menjadi ayat yang betul.
排句子 = susun ayat；以便 = supaya
这一屏要把词块排成一句完整的马来文句子。句子的次序是：谁（Saya）→ 做什么（rajin mengulang kaji）→ 什么时候（setiap hari）→ 为什么（supaya faham pelajaran）。supaya 后面接的是目的，所以放在最后。排之前先找出谁在做事，再想他做了什么、多久做一次、为了什么目的，句子就会通顺。
例子：Saya datang awal setiap pagi supaya tidak terlepas perhimpunan.
注意：按错了可以按 Padam 重新排，排好后按 Semak 检查。
arrange a sentence = susun ayat; so that = supaya
On this screen you arrange word blocks into one complete Malay sentence. The order is who (Saya), then what (rajin mengulang kaji), then when (setiap hari), then why (supaya faham pelajaran). Supaya introduces the purpose, so that block goes last.
Example: Saya datang awal setiap pagi supaya tidak terlepas perhimpunan.
Watch out: if you tap the wrong block, press Padam to start again, then press Semak to check your sentence.
Pengayaan
Hari ini kumpulan Jason bertugas. Mereka terus ke padang dan tidak menyapu bilik darjah. Apakah akibatnya?
后果 = akibat；值日 = bertugas
这是“如果不勤勉会怎样”的情境。Jason 那组轮到值日却直接跑去操场，没有扫地，第二天课室就脏乱，大家坐在垃圾旁边上课，不舒服也不卫生。课室不会自己变干净，老师更不会因为偷懒而称赞他们。
例子：没有人倒垃圾，垃圾桶满出来，还会引来蚂蚁和苍蝇。
注意：值日表上有你的名字，那天的工作就是你的责任，做完了再去玩。
consequence = akibat; on duty = bertugas
This situation asks what happens without diligence. Jason's group was on duty but ran straight to the field without sweeping, so the next day the classroom is messy and everyone has to learn beside the rubbish, which is uncomfortable and unhygienic. A classroom does not clean itself, and no teacher praises a group for skipping its job.
Example: if nobody empties the bin, it overflows and attracts ants and flies.
Watch out: when your name is on the duty roster, that day's job is yours; finish it first, then play.
Pengayaan
Siti selalu bertangguh membuat kerja rumah. Apakah nasihat yang betul daripada Nurul?
建议 = nasihat；慢慢来 = sedikit demi sedikit
好朋友给的建议，应该帮助对方改掉拖延的习惯。Nurul 叫 Siti 每天做一点、不要等明天，这样功课不会堆积。叫她抄答案，是帮她作弊；说老师可能不检查，是鼓励她偷懒，两者都会害了 Siti。
例子：把功课分成小部分，吃完点心就先做一页。
注意：真正关心朋友，有时要说她不爱听但对她有益的话。
advice = nasihat; bit by bit = sedikit demi sedikit
Good advice from a friend should help the other person break the habit of delay. Nurul tells Siti to do a little every day and not wait for tomorrow, so the work never piles up. Offering answers to copy helps her cheat, and saying the teacher may not check encourages laziness; both would harm Siti.
Example: split homework into small parts and finish one page right after tea time.
Watch out: caring for a friend sometimes means saying something she does not want to hear but needs.
Penilaian
Mengapakah markah Ravi naik dalam Ujian 2?
| Murid | Ujian 1 | Ujian 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Ravi | 55 | 82 |
| Wong | 78 | 60 |
Ravi mula mengulang kaji setiap malam selepas Ujian 1.
分数表 = jadual markah；考试 = ujian
表格显示 Ravi 第一次考 55 分，第二次考 82 分；Wong 却从 78 分掉到 60 分。表格下面写着：第一次考试后，Ravi 每晚都复习。所以分数进步的原因是他的勤勉，不是运气，题目也不会只对他一个人变容易。
例子：Wong 如果也每天复习一点，下次分数就有机会回升。
注意：看表格题时，要把数字和下面的说明一起读，才能找到原因。
score table = jadual markah; test = ujian
The table shows Ravi scored 55 in the first test and 82 in the second, while Wong dropped from 78 to 60. The line under the table says Ravi began revising every night after the first test. So his improvement comes from diligence, not luck, and the questions did not become easier for him alone.
Example: if Wong revised a little each day, his marks could rise again next time.
Watch out: in table questions, read the numbers together with the note below to find the reason.
Ringkasan
Syabas!
Rajin tangga kejayaan
Murid yang rajin bersungguh-sungguh, tepat pada masa, tidak bertangguh dan terus berusaha. Rajin membawa kejayaan, kelas yang bersih dan rasa bangga.
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