Beradab Sopan Pekerti Terpuji

打招呼 = Memberi salam；请求准许 = minta izin；道歉 = minta maaf；致哀 = ucap takziah 这一屏是六种常用礼貌用语：见面问好、请求准许、做错事道歉、得到帮助道谢、别人成功时祝贺、别人家里有人去世时表示哀悼。每一种用在不同的情况，用对了，对方会觉得被尊重。 例子：Jason 上课迟到，站在门口说“Maafkan saya, cikgu. Boleh saya masuk?” 注意：takziah 只用在有人去世的时候，平常受伤或生病要说别的话。

greet = memberi salam; ask permission = minta izin; apologise = minta maaf; offer condolences = ucap takziah This screen shows six common polite expressions: greeting, asking permission, apologising, thanking, congratulating someone who succeeds, and offering condolences when someone's family member has passed away. Each fits a different situation, and using the right one makes people feel respected. Example: Jason is late, stands at the door and apologises before asking the teacher if he may come in. Watch out: takziah is only for a death; for an injury or illness we say something else.

校长 = guru besar；办公室 = pejabat；书记 = kerani Aiman 要见校长，先到办公室跟书记说话。礼貌的句子有两个部分：先问好（Selamat pagi, puan），再用“Boleh saya…?”这样温和的方式请求。命令式的句子或用“Hei”叫人，都会让对方不舒服。 例子：Nurul 到教师室找老师时说“Selamat petang, cikgu. Boleh saya berjumpa Cikgu Lim?” 注意：对女性大人称 puan，男性大人称 encik。

head teacher = guru besar; office = pejabat; clerk = kerani Aiman wants to see the head teacher, so he speaks to the clerk at the office first. A polite sentence has two parts: a greeting, then a gentle request starting with boleh saya. A command or calling someone hei makes the listener uncomfortable. Example: at the staff room Nurul greets the teacher and asks if she may see Cikgu Lim. Watch out: address a lady as puan and a man as encik.

谦虚 = rendah diri；迟到 = lewat；再见 = Selamat tinggal 这一屏按时间走完一整天：早上在校门向保安问好；迟到时先道歉；被老师称赞时谦虚地道谢；下课在食堂先问“可以坐这里吗”；放学向老师道别。每个时段都有合适的礼貌言行。 例子：Kavitha 考了满分，老师称赞她，她只是笑着说谢谢，没有向同学炫耀。 注意：离开的人说“Selamat tinggal”，留下的人说“Selamat jalan”或“Selamat pulang”。

humble = rendah diri; late = lewat; goodbye = selamat tinggal This screen walks through a whole school day: greet the guard at the gate in the morning, apologise if you are late, thank the teacher humbly when praised, ask before sitting at a canteen table at recess, and say goodbye to the teacher at home time. Every part of the day has its own good manners. Example: Kavitha scores full marks, smiles and thanks the teacher, and does not boast to her friends. Watch out: the one leaving says selamat tinggal, while the one staying says selamat jalan or selamat pulang.

伤心、介意 = terasa hati；被尊重 = dihormati；融洽 = harmoni 这一屏比较有礼貌和没礼貌的结果。有礼貌：大家喜欢我们，关系亲近，学校融洽，自己也开心、被尊重。没礼貌：别人会心里受伤，不想跟我们相处，关系变远。 例子：Daniel 对食堂员工大声说“Cepat!”，员工低下头不说话，Daniel 后来觉得很不好意思，回去道歉。 注意：说错话时马上道歉，关系还可以补救。

hurt feelings = terasa hati; respected = dihormati; harmonious = harmoni This screen compares the results of being polite and being rude. Polite: people like us, relationships are close, the school is harmonious, and we feel happy and respected. Rude: others feel hurt, they avoid us, and relationships drift apart. Example: Daniel shouts at a canteen worker to hurry; she looks down silently, and later Daniel feels ashamed and goes back to apologise. Watch out: if you say something wrong, apologise at once and the friendship can still be mended.

满分 = markah penuh；称赞 = memuji；自大 = bercakap besar Nurul 考了满分，同学们称赞她。有礼貌的人被称赞时会谦虚，先道谢，还会邀请大家一起进步。说自己最聪明、说别人差，都是骄傲又伤人的话。 例子：Ravi 跑步拿了第一，他对第二名的同学说“Kamu pun laju!” 注意：谦虚不是说“我不行”，而是不贬低别人、不炫耀自己。

full marks = markah penuh; praise = memuji; boast = bercakap besar Nurul gets full marks and her friends praise her. A polite person stays humble when praised: she says thank you and even invites others to improve together. Calling yourself the cleverest or calling others weak is proud and hurtful. Example: Ravi wins the race and tells the runner-up that he was fast too. Watch out: being humble does not mean saying you are useless; it means not boasting and not putting others down.

生日 = hari lahir；不小心 = tidak sengaja；同情 = bersimpati 这一屏把五个情况和合适的礼貌用语配对：撞翻同学的冰淇淋、同学生日、同学的祖父去世、早上遇见老师、同学赢了比赛。先想一想对方此刻的心情，是难过、开心还是生气，就知道该说什么。 例子：Mei Ling 的猫走丢了，Wong 说“Saya harap kucing kamu cepat dijumpai”，安慰她。 注意：同学伤心的时候不要说“Tahniah”，这会让人更难过。

birthday = hari lahir; by accident = tidak sengaja; sympathise = bersimpati This screen matches five situations with suitable polite words: knocking over a friend's ice cream, a friend's birthday, a friend's grandfather passing away, meeting a teacher in the morning, and a friend winning a contest. First think about how the friend feels right now, sad, happy or upset. Example: Mei Ling's cat is missing, and Wong comforts her by hoping it will be found soon. Watch out: never say tahniah to someone who is grieving; it makes the hurt worse.

请求准许 = minta izin；可以 = boleh；厕所 = tandas 上课时想去厕所，要先举手向老师请求准许。礼貌的句子顺序是：先称呼老师（Cikgu），再用 boleh 开头请求，最后说要去哪里。把五张词卡按这个顺序点出来。 例子：Cikgu, boleh saya minum air? 注意：不可以不说一声就走出课室，老师会担心你去了哪里。

ask permission = minta izin; may = boleh; toilet = tandas If you need the toilet during a lesson, raise your hand and ask the teacher first. The polite word order is: address the teacher (Cikgu), start the request with boleh, then say where you want to go. Tap the five word cards in that order. Example: Cikgu, boleh saya minum air? Watch out: never walk out of class without asking; the teacher will worry about where you are.

借过 = tumpang lalu；走廊 = koridor；温和 = lembut Kavitha 和 Siti 站在窄窄的走廊中间聊天，挡住了路。Daniel 要过去，该怎么做？有礼貌的说法是轻声说“Tumpang lalu, ya”，她们自然会让开。推人或大喊“让开”都会伤感情，推人还可能害人跌倒。 例子：Jason 在食堂人多的地方，一边说“Tumpang lalu”，一边慢慢走过。 注意：经过老师或长辈面前时，可以稍微弯腰，这也是礼貌。

excuse me, may I pass = tumpang lalu; corridor = koridor; gentle = lembut Kavitha and Siti are chatting in the middle of a narrow corridor and blocking the way. Daniel wants to pass. The polite way is to say tumpang lalu softly, and they will make room. Pushing or shouting hurts feelings, and pushing might make someone fall. Example: in the crowded canteen, Jason says tumpang lalu and walks through slowly. Watch out: when passing in front of a teacher or an elder, bowing slightly is also polite.

粗鲁 = kasar；伤心 = terasa hati；被珍惜 = dihargai 食堂很多人排队，Jason 的食物来得慢，他就对员工大声说难听的话。员工已经很努力了，被骂会怎样？这一题问的是无礼的后果，想一想被骂的人的心情。 例子：Wong 等了很久，但他说“Tidak mengapa, mak cik, saya tunggu”，员工感激地笑了。 注意：着急的时候更要控制语气，可以深呼吸再说话。

rude = kasar; hurt = terasa hati; appreciated = dihargai The canteen is crowded and Jason's food is slow, so he speaks harshly to the worker. She is already working hard, so how does she feel being scolded? This question is about the consequence of rudeness; think of the scolded person's feelings. Example: Wong waits a long time but tells the auntie he does not mind waiting, and she smiles gratefully. Watch out: when you are impatient, take a deep breath and control your tone before speaking.

弯腰 = membongkok；插队 = memotong barisan；插嘴 = menyampuk 礼貌不只是说话，也包括身体的动作。经过老师或长辈面前时稍微弯腰，是马来西亚各族都认同的礼貌举止。插队和老师说话时插嘴，都是不尊重别人的行为。 例子：周会结束后，Aiman 排队走回课室，经过校长面前时轻轻弯腰。 注意：想发言时先举手，等老师点名再说。

bow slightly = membongkok; cut the queue = memotong barisan; interrupt = menyampuk Good manners are not only words; they include body actions. Bowing slightly when passing in front of a teacher or an elder is a polite gesture valued by all communities in Malaysia. Cutting the queue and interrupting the teacher both show disrespect. Example: after assembly, Aiman queues back to class and bows a little as he passes the head teacher. Watch out: raise your hand and wait to be called before speaking.

所有 = semua；命令 = menyuruh；亲密 = erat 这题是总复习：为什么要对全部学校成员有礼貌？回想前面学的好处：被大家喜欢、关系亲密、学校融洽。礼貌不是用来指使别人的工具，也不是只对老师才需要。 例子：Siti 对保安、清洁工和同学都一样说“Selamat pagi”，大家都很喜欢她。 注意：看到“hanya”（只有）的选项要小心，礼貌是对每一个人的。

all = semua; order someone around = menyuruh; close = erat This is a review question: why should we be polite to every school member? Recall the benefits we learned: people like us, relationships are close and the school is harmonious. Politeness is not a tool for ordering others around, and it is not only for teachers. Example: Siti greets the guard, the cleaner and her friends in the same friendly way, and everyone likes her. Watch out: be careful with any choice containing hanya; good manners are for everyone.