Projek Ria

准备材料 = sediakan bahan 第一步先准备：一张大海报纸（kad manila）、从杂志或传单剪下的立体图形图片、剪刀、胶水和彩色笔。三到四人一组，可以分工：有人找图片，有人剪，有人贴，有人写字。 例子：超市传单上常有饼干盒、罐头、球的图片，很适合剪下来用。 注意：用剪刀要小心，剪下的纸屑要收拾干净。

getting materials ready = sediakan bahan Step one is to prepare a large manila card, pictures of solid shapes cut from magazines or flyers, scissors, glue and coloured pens. Work in groups of three or four and share the jobs: one finds pictures, one cuts, one glues and one writes the labels. Example: supermarket flyers often show biscuit boxes, tins and balls, which are perfect to cut out. Watch out: handle the scissors carefully and tidy up the paper scraps afterwards.

画思维导图 = lukis peta minda 第二步：在海报纸中间写上 BENTUK，从它画出两条分支，一支写 PRISMA（棱柱），一支写 BUKAN PRISMA（非棱柱）。每一支下面留空位贴图片。可以在分支旁边写下判断的标准，方便组员对照。 例子：棱柱一支写“两个一样的底面、没有曲面”；非棱柱一支写“有曲面或只有一个底面”。 注意：两支要分得清楚，可以用两种颜色。

drawing the mind map = lukis peta minda Step two: write BENTUK in the middle of the card and draw two branches from it, one labelled PRISMA and one labelled BUKAN PRISMA. Leave empty spaces under each branch for the pictures. Writing the rule beside each branch helps the group check. Example: next to the prism branch write two equal bases, no curved surface; next to the other write curved surface or only one base. Watch out: keep the two branches clearly apart, for example by using two colours.

罐头贴哪一支 = tin susu di cabang mana 牛奶罐是圆柱体，上下两个圆一样大，可是侧面是弯曲的。只要有曲面就不是棱柱，所以要贴在“非棱柱”那一支。中间只写主题，不贴图片。 例子：饮料罐、蜡笔筒也是圆柱体，同样贴在非棱柱。 注意：别因为圆柱有两个一样的底面就当成棱柱。

where the milk tin goes = tin susu di cabang mana A milk tin is a cylinder. Its two circles are the same size, but its side is curved, and any curved surface means it is not a prism, so it goes on the non-prism branch. The centre holds only the title, not pictures. Example: drink cans and crayon holders are cylinders too, so they also go on the non-prism branch. Watch out: do not call a cylinder a prism just because its two bases match.

实物配分支 = padankan gambar dengan cabang 先说出形状，再决定分支。纸巾盒是长方体，属于棱柱；球是球体，全身是曲面，属于非棱柱；交通锥是圆锥体，有曲面，属于非棱柱；帐篷是三角棱柱，前后两个三角形一样，属于棱柱。 例子：魔术方块 → 正方体 → 棱柱。 注意：先认形状，再看曲面和底面，两步都要做。

matching objects to branches = padankan gambar dengan cabang Name the shape first, then choose the branch. A tissue box is a cuboid, so it is a prism. A ball is a sphere, curved all over, so it is not a prism. A traffic cone is a cone with a curved surface, so it is not a prism. A tent roof is a triangular prism with matching triangles at each end, so it is a prism. Example: a puzzle cube → cube → prism. Watch out: do both steps: name the shape, then check for curves and bases.

完成并报告 = lengkapkan dan bentangkan 第三步把图片全部贴好：棱柱一支有正方体、长方体、三角棱柱；非棱柱一支有球体、圆柱体、圆锥体和金字塔，一共七种。报告时每样东西用一句话：先说名称，再说是不是棱柱，最后说理由。 例子：“这是圆锥体，它不是棱柱，因为它有曲面。” 注意：金字塔的面都是平的，但只有一个底面，所以放在非棱柱。

completing and presenting = lengkapkan dan bentangkan Step three: finish sticking on the pictures. The prism branch has the cube, cuboid and triangular prism; the non-prism branch has the sphere, cylinder, cone and pyramid, seven shapes in all. When presenting, use one sentence per shape: its name, whether it is a prism, and the reason. Example: This is a cone; it is not a prism because it has a curved surface. Watch out: a pyramid has only flat faces but just one base, so it belongs with the non-prisms.

检查同学贴错 = semak tampalan rakan 金字塔的面都是平的，也有 5 个面，所以很多人以为它是棱柱。可是棱柱一定要有两个一样、面对面的底面，金字塔只有底下一个，侧面往上聚成尖顶，所以贴错了，要移到非棱柱。 例子：三角棱柱有两个三角形底面，一前一后；金字塔顶上只有一个点。 注意：发现同学贴错时，要说明理由，帮他一起改。

checking a friend's work = semak tampalan rakan A pyramid has only flat faces and 5 of them, so many people think it is a prism. But a prism needs two equal bases facing each other, and a pyramid has just one at the bottom, with its sides meeting at a point on top. The picture is in the wrong place and should move to the non-prism branch. Example: a triangular prism has two triangle bases, front and back; a pyramid has only a point at the top. Watch out: when you spot a mistake, explain the reason and fix it together.