Projek Ria

材料 = bahan；目录 = katalog；旧杂志 = majalah lama；硬卡纸 = kad manila 第一步是准备材料。要找有商品图片的旧目录、旧杂志或传单，用来剪图；一张硬卡纸做海报底；剪刀和胶水；彩色笔写标题和说明。两个人共用一套材料就够了，先分工：一个负责找图，一个负责剪。 例子：超市的旧传单有很多食物和用品的图，很好用。 注意：只用不要的旧杂志，正在看的书报不可以剪。

materials = bahan; catalogue = katalog; old magazine = majalah lama; manila card = kad manila Step one is gathering materials. You need old catalogues, magazines or leaflets with pictures of goods to cut from, a sheet of manila card as the poster base, scissors and glue, and colour pens for the headings and notes. One set between two people is enough, so share the jobs: one finds pictures while the other cuts. Example: an old supermarket leaflet has lots of food and household pictures that work well. Watch out: use only unwanted old magazines; never cut up something that is still being read.

四个板块 = empat bahagian；对折 = lipat；标题 = tajuk 第二步把硬卡纸对折两次，就有四个格子，每个格子用彩色笔写一个标题。四个标题分别是：keperluan（需要，没有不行的东西）、kehendak（想要，可以等的东西）、simpanan（储蓄，留到以后用的钱）、pelaburan（投资，放很久让它变多的钱）。写标题时用不同颜色，看的人一眼就分得清。 例子：keperluan 用绿色，kehendak 用橙色。 注意：四个标题一定要写清楚，不然同学看海报时不知道图片贴在哪一类。

four parts = empat bahagian; fold = lipat; heading = tajuk Step two is folding the manila card twice to get four boxes, then writing one heading in each box with a colour pen. The four headings are keperluan (needs, things you cannot do without), kehendak (wants, things that can wait), simpanan (savings, money kept for later) and pelaburan (investments, money kept for a long time so it grows). Use a different colour for each heading so viewers can tell the parts apart at a glance. Example: green for keperluan and orange for kehendak. Watch out: the headings must be clear, or classmates will not know which group a picture belongs to.

一包米 = sebungkus beras 米是家里每天吃饭一定要有的东西，没有米就没有饭吃，所以属于需要（keperluan）。它不是想要，因为不能等；也不是投资，因为米不是存起来让它变多的钱。 例子：鸡蛋、食油、牙膏这些每天用的，也贴在 keperluan。 注意：分类时问自己“没有它行不行”，不行的就是需要。

a packet of rice = sebungkus beras Rice is something a family must have for meals every day; without rice there is no food on the table, so it belongs to needs (keperluan). It is not a want, because it cannot wait, and not an investment, because rice is not money kept aside to grow. Example: eggs, cooking oil and toothpaste, used every day, also go under keperluan. Watch out: ask yourself whether you can do without it; if you cannot, it is a need.

剪贴 = gunting dan tampal；理由 = sebab；上台展示 = bentangkan 第三步动手：把图片剪下来，按四个板块分成四堆，两个人讨论每一张属于哪一类，意见一致了才贴，每张图下面用一句话写理由。第四步两人一起上台展示：指着一张图，用自己的话说理由，句型是“Kami menampal gambar ___ di bahagian ___ kerana ___”。两人分工，每人讲两个板块，说话清楚、不要太快。 例子：“Kami menampal gambar tabung di bahagian simpanan kerana wang itu disimpan untuk kemudian.” 注意：理由要用自己的话写和说，不是只读标题；老师主要看你会不会说出分类的原因。

cut and paste = gunting dan tampal; reason = sebab; present = bentangkan Step three is the hands-on part: cut out the pictures, sort them into four piles for the four parts, discuss each one with your partner and paste only when you both agree, then write one short reason under every picture. Step four is presenting together: point to a picture and give the reason in your own words, using the pattern Kami menampal gambar ___ di bahagian ___ kerana ___. Share the work so each of you explains two parts, and speak clearly and not too fast. Example: Kami menampal gambar tabung di bahagian simpanan kerana wang itu disimpan untuk kemudian. Watch out: write and say the reasons in your own words rather than reading the heading; the teacher mainly listens for whether you can explain why.

配对图片和板块 = padankan gambar dengan bahagian 校鞋上学一定要穿，贴 keperluan。游戏机好玩但没有也没关系，贴 kehendak。鸡形扑满是用来存零用钱的，贴 simpanan。教育储蓄证书是把钱放很多年让它变多，贴 pelaburan。配对时想一想每张图代表“用钱的哪一种方式”。 例子：银行储蓄簿的图片也贴 simpanan。 注意：扑满和教育储蓄都是“存”，分别在于扑满的钱不久后会用，教育储蓄要很多年后才用。

matching pictures to parts = padankan gambar dengan bahagian School shoes must be worn to school, so they go under keperluan. A game console is fun but not essential, so it goes under kehendak. A chicken-shaped money box holds pocket money, so it goes under simpanan. An education savings certificate keeps money for many years to grow, so it goes under pelaburan. For each picture, think about which way of using money it shows. Example: a picture of a bank passbook also goes under simpanan. Watch out: both the money box and the education fund are saving; the difference is that money-box savings are used soon, while an education fund is used many years later.

常见错误 = kesilapan biasa；贵 = mahal 很多人以为贵的东西就是投资，这是错的。投资是把钱放很久让它变多，比如教育储蓄；昂贵的脚踏车是拿来骑、拿来玩的，没有也可以上学，所以是想要（kehendak）。说脚踏车可以转卖也不对，二手卖出去只会更便宜，钱不会变多。 例子：名牌运动鞋再贵也是 kehendak，不是 pelaburan。 注意：pelaburan 板块贴的是“让钱变多的方法”，不是贵的商品。

a common mistake = kesilapan biasa; expensive = mahal Many pupils think anything expensive is an investment, but that is wrong. An investment is money kept for a long time so that it grows, such as an education fund; an expensive bicycle is for riding and enjoying, and you can get to school without it, so it is a want (kehendak). Saying the bicycle can be resold does not help either, because a used bicycle sells for less, so the money does not grow. Example: branded sports shoes, however costly, are kehendak, not pelaburan. Watch out: the pelaburan part is for ways of making money grow, not for pricey goods.