Latihan tambahan

两天合起来 = tambah bahagian 星期六和星期日读的部分合起来，用加法。先把二分之一换成八分之几，再把分子相加，分母保持八不变。可以画一条分成 8 格的长条来帮忙。 例子：1/3 + 1/6 = 2/6 + 1/6 = 3/6 = 1/2。 注意：分母相加会得到十分之几，是错的。

tambah bahagian = adding parts The Saturday part and the Sunday part together means we add. Change one half into eighths, then add the numerators and keep the denominator 8. Drawing a bar cut into 8 equal parts helps. Example: 1/3 + 1/6 = 2/6 + 1/6 = 3/6 = 1/2. Watch out: adding the denominators gives tenths, which is wrong.

求两本书的差 = beza jisim buku 求差用减法，把比较重的写在上面。百分位二减八不够，向十分位借一，变成十二再减；十分位借出后要少一。 例子：0.81 − 0.45 = 0.36。 注意：求差不是把两个重量加起来。

beza jisim buku = difference in mass of the books A difference means subtract, with the heavier mass on top. In the hundredths, 2 take away 8 cannot be done, so regroup 1 tenth to make 12 first. Remember the tenths digit is now one less. Example: 0.81 − 0.45 = 0.36. Watch out: in each place, do not simply take the smaller digit from the bigger one; regroup when the top digit is smaller.

个位数的百分比 = peratus satu digit 百分之八是一百分之八，也就是八个百分之一。百分之一要写在小数点后第二位，十分位是空的，要补上零。 例子：5% = 5/100 = 0.05。 注意：0.8 是 80%，十分位和百分位不能弄错。

peratus satu digit = a one-digit percent 8% is 8/100, eight hundredths. Hundredths sit in the second place after the decimal point, and the empty tenths place needs a zero. Example: 5% = 5/100 = 0.05. Watch out: 0.8 is 80%; do not mix up the tenths and the hundredths places.

先求另一部分 = cari bahagian lain dahulu 题目问科学书，先从总数 100 里减去故事书，算出科学书有几本，再写成分母是 100 的分数和百分比。可以列表格把故事书、科学书和总数写清楚。 例子：100 粒糖里 55 粒是红色，其余黄色 → 黄色占 45%。 注意：题目问的是科学书，不是故事书。

cari bahagian lain dahulu = find the other part first The question asks about science books, so first take the storybooks away from the total of 100, then write the science books as a fraction out of 100 and as a percent. A table helps you list the storybooks, the science books and the total. Example: 55 of 100 sweets are red and the rest yellow → yellow is 45%. Watch out: the question asks about the science books, not the storybooks.

剩下的糖浆 = sirap yang tinggal 用掉了要减。先把五分之四换成十分之几，再减去十分之三，最后约分。用加法检查：答案加上用掉的量要等于原来的五分之四。 例子：3/4 − 3/8 = 6/8 − 3/8 = 3/8。 注意：11/10 是把两个数加起来了。

sirap yang tinggal = the syrup left Some syrup is used, so subtract. Change four fifths into tenths, take away three tenths, then simplify. Check by adding: your answer plus the syrup used must make four fifths. Example: 3/4 − 3/8 = 6/8 − 3/8 = 3/8. Watch out: 11/10 comes from adding the two amounts instead of subtracting.

进位加 = tambah dengan mengumpul semula 尺比铅笔长，所以把两个长度相加：百分位五加八超过十，写下个位数，再向十分位进一，十分位相加时别忘了这个一。可以画条形图，尺的那条比较长。 例子：0.27 + 0.36 = 0.63。 注意：进到十分位的 1 不能忘记加上。

tambah dengan mengumpul semula = adding with regrouping The ruler is longer than the pencil, so add the lengths: hundredths 5 + 8 is more than 10, so write the ones digit and carry 1 to the tenths, then add the tenths with the carried 1. A bar model shows the ruler's bar as the longer one. Example: 0.27 + 0.36 = 0.63. Watch out: do not forget to add the carried 1 in the tenths place.

用加法检查减法 = semak tolak dengan tambah 加法和减法是相反的运算，所以减法可以用加法来检查。想一想：哪两个数加起来，应该刚好回到算式开头的那个数？ 例子：检查 0.8 − 0.25 = 0.55 → 0.55 + 0.25 = 0.80，回到 0.8，答案对。 注意：用减法再算一次，不算是检查。

semak tolak dengan tambah = check subtraction by adding Addition and subtraction undo each other, so a subtraction can be checked with an addition. Think about which two numbers should add up to give back the first number in the sentence. Example: check 0.8 − 0.25 = 0.55 → 0.55 + 0.25 = 0.80. Watch out: doing another subtraction is not a check.

还没卖出的部分 = bahagian yang belum dijual 已卖出的要从总数 100 里减掉，才是还没卖出的张数，再写成百分比。检查：卖出的百分比加没卖的百分比要等于 100%。 例子：100 个座位坐了 82 个 → 空位 18%。 注意：从 100 减的时候，退位要做两次，可以用加法检查。

bahagian yang belum dijual = the part not yet sold Take the tickets sold away from the total of 100 to find those not sold, then write that as a percent. Check: the sold percent and the unsold percent must add up to 100%. Example: 82 of 100 seats are taken → 18% are empty. Watch out: subtracting from 100 needs regrouping twice, so check by adding.