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同分母相减 = tolak penyebut sama 两个分母一样，每一份大小相同。只要分子相减，分母照抄，减完再看看能不能约分。 例子：6/8 − 1/8 = 5/8。 注意：分母 18 是把分母相加了，减法分母不变。

tolak penyebut sama = subtracting with the same denominator Both denominators are the same, so every part is the same size. Subtract only the numerators, copy the denominator, and then see whether it can be simplified. Example: 6/8 − 1/8 = 5/8. Watch out: a denominator of 18 means the denominators were added; in subtraction the denominator stays.

减后约分 = tolak dan permudahkan 分母相同，先减分子得到十分之几。如果分子和分母都是双数，就一起除以 2，直到不能再约。 例子：5/10 − 1/10 = 4/10 = 2/5。 注意：只除分子不除分母，分数的大小就变了。

tolak dan permudahkan = subtract and simplify The denominators match, so subtract the numerators to get some tenths. If the numerator and denominator are both even, divide both by 2 until it cannot be simplified. Example: 5/10 − 1/10 = 4/10 = 2/5. Watch out: dividing only the numerator changes the size of the fraction.

四分之几换八分之几 = tukar perempat kepada perlapan 4 × 2 = 8，所以 3/4 的分子和分母都乘 2，变成八分之几。分母相同以后，只减分子。 例子：3/4 − 1/8 = 6/8 − 1/8 = 5/8。 注意：把 3/4 换好以后还要记得相减，不要停在换好的那一步。

tukar perempat kepada perlapan = change quarters into eighths Since 4 × 2 = 8, multiply the top and bottom of 3/4 by 2 to change it into eighths. Once the denominators match, subtract only the numerators. Example: 3/4 − 1/8 = 6/8 − 1/8 = 5/8. Watch out: after changing 3/4 into eighths, remember to do the subtraction; do not stop at the changed fraction.

二分之一换成更小的单位 = tukar perdua kepada pecahan setara 2 × 3 = 6，把 1/2 的分子和分母都乘 3，变成六分之几。再用分子相减，最后约成最简分数。 例子：1/2 − 1/8 = 4/8 − 1/8 = 3/8。 注意：看清楚符号是减号，把两个分数加起来会得到比 1/2 还大的数。

tukar perdua kepada pecahan setara = change the half into an equal fraction Since 2 × 3 = 6, multiply the top and bottom of 1/2 by 3 to change it into sixths. Then subtract the numerators and simplify the answer. Example: 1/2 − 1/8 = 4/8 − 1/8 = 3/8. Watch out: check that the sign is minus; adding the two fractions gives an answer bigger than 1/2.

求被减数 = cari nombor pertama □ 在最前面，表示原来的数。原来的数 = 剩下的 + 拿走的，所以要把两个分数加回去。分母不同时，先换成相同的分母再加。 例子：□ − 1/2 = 1/10 → 5/10 + 1/10 = 6/10 = 3/5。 注意：□ 在前面要用加法，用减法会得到太小的数。

cari nombor pertama = find the first number A box at the front stands for the starting amount. The starting amount equals what is left plus what was taken, so add the two fractions back together. If the denominators differ, make them the same before adding. Example: □ − 1/2 = 1/10 → 5/10 + 1/10 = 6/10 = 3/5. Watch out: a box at the front needs adding; subtracting gives a number that is too small.

求减数 = cari nombor kedua □ 在减号后面，表示拿走了多少。用原来的分子减去剩下的分子，就是拿走的部分，分母不变。 例子：9/10 − □ = 2/10 → 9 − 2 = 7 → 7/10。 注意：7/8 是把两个分数相加了，这里要用减法。

cari nombor kedua = find the second number A box after the minus sign stands for how much was taken away. The starting numerator minus the numerator that is left gives the part taken, and the denominator stays. Example: 9/10 − □ = 2/10 → 9 − 2 = 7 → 7/10. Watch out: 7/8 comes from adding the two fractions; here we need to subtract.

应用题 = soalan cerita “还剩多少”要用减法：原有的减去用掉的。分母是 5 和 10，先把五分之几换成十分之几，再减分子，最后检查是否最简。 例子：袋里有 3/5 包米，用了 1/10 包 → 6/10 − 1/10 = 5/10 = 1/2。 注意：9/10 是把两个分数相加，题目问的是剩下。

soalan cerita = word problem How much is left means subtract: the amount at the start minus the amount used. The denominators are 5 and 10, so change the fifths into tenths, subtract the numerators, and check for simplest form. Example: a bag has 3/5 of rice and 1/10 is used → 6/10 − 1/10 = 5/10 = 1/2. Watch out: 9/10 comes from adding; the question asks what is left.