Unit 6

Pecahan Tak Wajar dan Nombor Bercampur

Selepas majlis hari jadi Farah, piza yang tidak dimakan dikumpulkan: 1 piza penuh dan 5 potong daripada piza yang dipotong kepada 6.

Baki piza boleh ditulis sebagai 1 5 ~~per~~ 6 — dibaca satu lima per enam.

带分数 = nombor bercampur 剩下一整个披萨，加上切成 6 块的披萨里的 5 块，合起来写成 1 5/6，读作 satu lima per enam。前面的大数字是整数，后面是分数。这一单元还会学假分数，以及两种写法怎样互相转换。例子：两张完整的饼加半张饼，写成 2 1/2。注意：整数写在分数的左边，大小要写得比分数大。

mixed number = nombor bercampur One whole pizza together with 5 of the 6 slices of another pizza is written 1 5/6 and read satu lima per enam. The big number in front is the whole number and the part after it is a fraction. This unit also covers improper fractions and how to change between the two forms. Example: two whole pancakes and half a pancake are written 2 1/2. Watch out: write the whole number on the left of the fraction, and larger.

Nombor bercampur

Nombor bulat + pecahan wajar

2 2 ~~per~~ 3 batang tebu

2/3

nombor bulat: 2pecahan wajar: 23nombor bercampur: 223

带分数的两部分 = dua bahagian nombor bercampur 2 2/3 由两部分组成：2 是整数（nombor bulat），2/3 是真分数（pecahan wajar）。两根整甘蔗加三分之二根，就是 2 2/3 根。例子：3 块完整的布加 1/4 块布 → 3 1/4。注意：带分数里的分数一定是真分数。

two parts of a mixed number = dua bahagian nombor bercampur 2 2/3 has two parts: 2 is the whole number (nombor bulat) and 2/3 is a proper fraction (pecahan wajar). Two whole sugar canes plus two thirds of another cane make 2 2/3 canes. Example: 3 whole pieces of cloth and 1/4 of a piece → 3 1/4. Watch out: the fraction inside a mixed number is always proper, with a numerator smaller than the denominator.

Bandingkan dengan 1

Kurang atau lebih daripada 1?

Garis nombor 0 hingga 2

1/3

2/3

1 1/3

1 2/3

pecahan wajar < 1: 23nombor bercampur > 1: 123

和 1 比较 = banding dengan 1 在数线上，真分数都在 0 和 1 之间，所以比 1 小；带分数有整数部分，排在 1 的后面，所以比 1 大。2/3 在 1 的前面，1 2/3 在 1 和 2 之间。例子：4/5 比 1 小；1 1/5 比 1 大。注意：1 2/3 的位置要先走到 1，再往前走 2 格三分之一。

compare with 1 = banding dengan 1 On the number line, proper fractions sit between 0 and 1, so they are less than 1. Mixed numbers have a whole-number part and come after 1, so they are greater than 1. 2/3 is before 1, and 1 2/3 is between 1 and 2. Example: 4/5 is less than 1; 1 1/5 is more than 1. Watch out: to place 1 2/3, first reach 1, then move two more thirds.

Pecahan tak wajar

Pengangka lebih besar daripada penyebut

Ada berapa bahagian 1 ~~per~~ 4?

7 bahagian 14 = 74

74 pecahan tak wajar: 7 > 4

假分数 = pecahan tak wajar 每片圆饼切成 4 等份，一共有 7 份，所以是 7 个 1/4，写成 7/4。分子 7 比分母 4 大，这样的分数叫假分数，它的值比 1 大。例子：每个披萨切 2 块，共有 5 块 → 5/2，也是假分数。注意：分母仍然是每一个整体分成的份数 4，不是全部的 8 格。

improper fraction = pecahan tak wajar Each round bread is cut into 4 equal parts and there are 7 parts in all, so we have 7 quarters, written 7/4. The numerator 7 is bigger than the denominator 4; such a fraction is an improper fraction and is worth more than 1. Example: pizzas cut into 2 pieces each, 5 pieces in all → 5/2, also improper. Watch out: the denominator is still 4, the parts in one whole, not all 8 parts.

Pengangka = penyebut

Ini juga pecahan tak wajar

5 ~~per~~ 5 = 1

55 = 1 88 = 1

pengangka ≥ penyebut → pecahan tak wajar

分子等于分母 = pengangka sama dengan penyebut 长条 5 格全部涂满，就是 5/5，等于 1 个整体。分子和分母一样大的分数，也算是假分数。所以判断假分数的方法是：分子大于或等于分母。例子：9/9 = 1，是假分数；8/9 比 1 小，是真分数。注意：5/5 不是真分数，因为真分数的分子必须比分母小。

numerator equals denominator = pengangka sama dengan penyebut All 5 parts of the strip are shaded, so it shows 5/5, which is 1 whole. A fraction whose numerator equals its denominator also counts as improper. The rule is: numerator greater than or equal to the denominator. Example: 9/9 = 1 is improper; 8/9 is less than 1 and is proper. Watch out: 5/5 is not a proper fraction, because a proper fraction needs a smaller numerator.

Kenal pasti

Yang manakah pecahan tak wajar?

分辨假分数 = kenal pasti pecahan tak wajar 看清楚每个选项是什么样子：只有一条分数线、而且分子大于或等于分母的，才是假分数。前面有整数的是带分数；分子比分母小的是真分数。例子：7/6 是假分数，6/7 是真分数，1 1/6 是带分数。注意：把同一个假分数的分子分母倒过来，就会变成真分数。

spot the improper fraction = kenal pasti pecahan tak wajar Look at the form of each choice. An improper fraction has a single fraction bar and a numerator greater than or equal to its denominator. A whole number in front means a mixed number; a smaller numerator means a proper fraction. Example: 7/6 is improper, 6/7 is proper, 1 1/6 is mixed. Watch out: turning an improper fraction upside down makes a proper fraction.

Tukar

Nombor bercampur → pecahan tak wajar

2 3 ~~per~~ 4 = ?

1 = 4/4

3/4

4 + 4 + 3 = 11 → 234 = 114

带分数化假分数 = tukar nombor bercampur kepada pecahan tak wajar 每个整体切成 4 份：1 = 4/4。两个整体 4 + 4 = 8 份，加 3 份共 11 份，所以 2 3/4 = 11/4。例子：1 2/5 → 5 份 + 2 份 = 7 份 → 7/5。注意：分母不变，还是 4；不要把整数直接加到分子上变成 5/4。

mixed to improper = tukar nombor bercampur kepada pecahan tak wajar Cut every whole into the same 4 parts: 1 = 4/4. Two wholes give 4 + 4 = 8 parts, and 3 more parts make 11 parts altogether, so 2 3/4 = 11/4. Example: 1 2/5 → 5 parts + 2 parts = 7 parts → 7/5. Watch out: the denominator stays 4; do not just add the whole number to the numerator to get 5/4.

Tukar balik

Pecahan tak wajar → nombor bercampur

7 ~~per~~ 3 = ?

3/3 = 1

1/3

73 = 213

假分数化带分数 = tukar pecahan tak wajar kepada nombor bercampur 7/3 是 7 个 1/3，每 3 份凑成 1 个整体：7 份凑成 2 个整体，剩 1 份。所以 7/3 = 2 1/3，两种写法一样大。例子：9/4 → 4 份、4 份凑成 2 个整体，剩 1 份 → 2 1/4。注意：剩下的份数要比分母小，否则还能再凑。

improper to mixed = tukar pecahan tak wajar kepada nombor bercampur 7/3 means 7 thirds. Every 3 thirds make 1 whole: 7 parts form 2 wholes with 1 part left over. So 7/3 = 2 1/3; both forms show the same amount. Example: 9/4 → two groups of 4 quarters make 2 wholes, 1 quarter left → 2 1/4. Watch out: the leftover must be smaller than the denominator, or another whole can still be made.

Padankan

Sama nilai

等值配对 = padankan nilai yang sama 每张假分数卡都按分母凑整体：分母是几，就几份凑成 1。凑出的整体数是整数部分，剩下的份数是分子，分母保持不变。例子：11/5 → 5 份、5 份凑成 2，剩 1 份 → 2 1/5。注意：剩下的份数要写在分子，分母不可以改成别的数。

match equal values = padankan nilai yang sama For each improper fraction, group the parts by the denominator: that many parts make 1 whole. The number of wholes is the whole-number part, the leftover parts give the numerator, and the denominator stays the same. Example: 11/5 → two groups of 5 make 2, 1 part left → 2 1/5. Watch out: the leftover parts go in the numerator, and the denominator must not change.

Susun

Tukar 1 4 per 5 kepada pecahan tak wajar.
Susun kad: mula dengan 1 dalam bentuk pecahan, kemudian + 4 per 5, kemudian = jawapan.

整数写成分数 = tulis nombor bulat sebagai pecahan 带分数里的整数 1，要先写成分子和分母一样的分数，分母跟后面的分数相同，再加上那个分数。分母一样，只把分子相加，分母照写。例子：1 1/3 = 3/3 + 1/3 = 4/3。注意：分母相同时不要把分母也加起来，那样每一份就变小了。

write the whole as a fraction = tulis nombor bulat sebagai pecahan In a mixed number, first write the whole 1 as a fraction whose top and bottom are equal, using the same denominator as the fraction part, then add that fraction. With equal denominators, add only the numerators and keep the denominator. Example: 1 1/3 = 3/3 + 1/3 = 4/3. Watch out: do not add the denominators as well, or each part becomes smaller.

Tulis dua cara

Tulis nombor bercampur dan pecahan tak wajar bagi bahagian berlorek.

看图写两种形式 = tulis dua bentuk daripada gambar 先看有几个完全涂满的圆，就是整数部分；再看剩下那个圆涂了几份。然后数所有涂色的份数作分子，分母是每个圆切成的份数。例子：两个圆各切 3 份，涂了 3 份和 1 份 → 1 1/3 和 4/3。注意：分母是一个圆的份数 5，不是两个圆加起来的 10 份。

write both forms from a picture = tulis dua bentuk daripada gambar Count the fully shaded circles for the whole-number part, then see how many parts of the last circle are shaded. For the improper fraction, count every shaded part as the numerator; the denominator is the parts in one circle. Example: two circles cut in 3, with 3 and 1 parts shaded → 1 1/3 and 4/3. Watch out: the denominator is 5, the parts in one circle, not 10 for both.

Ringkasan

Syabas!

2 3 ~~per~~ 4 = 11 ~~per~~ 4

Nombor bercampur = nombor bulat + pecahan wajar. Pecahan tak wajar: pengangka ≥ penyebut. Kedua-duanya boleh sama nilai.

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